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How to install a PostgreSQL jail with bastille
Tags: FreeBSD jails PostgreSQL

Jail initialization

The following creates a release jail :

bastille create postgresql 13.0-RELEASE 10.0.0.3/24

Use latest packages instead of quarterly (optional) :

echo 'mkdir -p /usr/local/etc/pkg/repos
      echo "FreeBSD: { enabled: no }" > /usr/local/etc/pkg/repos/FreeBSD.conf
      sed -e "s/^FreeBSD:/latest:/" -e "s/quarterly/latest/"  /etc/pkg/FreeBSD.conf > /etc/pkg/latest.conf' \
| bastille console postgresql

Postgresql needs us to allow system V IPC for the jail :

bastille config postgresql set allow.sysvipc=1
bastille restart postgresql

Install PostgreSQL and initialize the database

Install PostgreSQL (version 13 at the time of this writing) :

pkg -j postgresql install -y postgresql13-server

If you need a character encoding other than UTF-8 now is the time to customize it, the post install message explains how. UTF-8 is the most compatible and usually what you want but it is also a variable byte length encoding therefore not optimal for all workloads. It can depend on your applications, for example bacula and bareos need SQL_ASCII.

It is also a good time to make Postgresql listen on the jail ip address :

echo "listen_addresses = '10.0.0.3'" \
    | bastille cmd postgresql tee -a /var/db/postgres/data13/postgresql.conf

I also like to use the modern scram-sha-256 authentication method instead of md5, just make sur your apps or libraries are recent enough to connect to it :

echo "password_encryption = 'scram-sha-256'" \
    | bastille cmd postgresql tee -a /var/db/postgres/data13/postgresql.conf

When ready, proceed to init the database :

bastille service postgresql postgresql enable
bastille service postgresql postgresql initdb
bastille service postgresql postgresql start

Provision a user and database

Let’s say we want to allow a gitea jail running from 10.0.0.4 to a gitea database using a gitea user :

echo "CREATE ROLE gitea WITH LOGIN PASSWORD 'secret';
      CREATE DATABASE gitea WITH OWNER gitea TEMPLATE template0 ENCODING UTF8 LC_COLLATE 'en_US.UTF-8' LC_CTYPE 'en_US.UTF-8';" \
    | bastille cmd postgresql psql -U postgres
echo "host     gitea     gitea    10.0.0.4/32    scram-sha-256"
    | bastille cmd postgresql tee -a /var/db/postgres/data13/pg_hba.conf
bastille service postgresql postgresql reload